More and larger cruise ships will increase underwater noise for the critically endangered southern resident orcas, making it more difficult to hunt already scarce prey, increasing the risk of ship strikes and biological stress levels. Waste discharges from open loop scrubbers and illegally dumped pollution and garbage adversely impact orca and marine life generally. Carbon emissions from cruise ships contribute to increased CO2 levels globally, leading to ocean warming, acidification, and oxygen depletion. These rapid changes to the oceans are resulting in population declines for whales, shellfish, salmon, kelp beds and all sea life.